World Cancer Day is observed every year on 4th February, an initiative spearheaded by UICC to increase cancer awareness, prevention and access to treatment.
World Cancer Day emphasizes the necessity of adopting lifestyle changes, understanding the value of early detection, and increasing progress in the medial field to relieve the burden of cancer. Although certain cancers are prevalent, many can be avoided through proper diet, exercise, no tobacco use, and routine screenings. Provided below are the most prevalent cancers and guidance on how to mitigate their risk.
10 Most Common Cancers and How to Reduce the Risk:
1: Breast Cancer
One of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in women is breast cancer.
Certain factors increase the risk of breast cancer including increasing age, obesity, harmful use of alcohol, family history of breast cancer, history of radiation exposure, reproductive history, tobacco use and postmenopausal hormone therapy.
Breast cancer risk can be lowered by maintaining a healthy weight, staying physically active, reducing alcohol consumption, and undergoing regular screenings like mammograms for early detection.
2: Lung Cancer
Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer, but exposure to pollutants such as secondhand smoke and radon gas can also contribute. Quitting smoking and avoiding harmful environmental pollutants can greatly reduce the risk of lungs cancer.
3: Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the colon (large intestine) or rectum. It is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. It can cause severe harm and death.
Overall, about 90% of colorectal cancers are caused by environmental exposures, such as a low-fiber and high-fat diet, alcohol consumption, and tobacco use, which occurred decades before a patient was diagnosed.
Eating a fiber-rich diet, limiting processed meats, and staying active can help prevent colorectal cancer. Regular screenings, such as colonoscopies, can detect precancerous polyps early.
4: Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is more common in older men, and its risk can be reduced by eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids, along with regular checkups. Early detection through PSA tests is vital.
5: Stomach Cancer
Risk factors for stomach cancer include infection with H. pylori bacteria, excessive salt consumption, and eating smoked foods. A diet high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help lower the risk.
6:Liver Cancer
Hepatitis B and C infections, excessive alcohol consumption, and obesity increase the risk of liver cancer. Vaccination against hepatitis and limiting alcohol intake are key preventive measures.
7: Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix or in any layer of the wall of the cervix. It is due to the abnormal growth of cells that can invade or spread to other parts of the body. The main cause of cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus (HPV). Vaccination against HPV, regular Pap smears, and practicing safe sex can significantly reduce the risk.
8: Oesophageal Cancer
Risk factors for oesophageal cancer include acid reflux (GERD), smoking, and excessive alcohol intake. Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, and treating acid reflux can help prevent the disease.
9: Skin Cancer
Overexposure to UV rays is the primary cause of skin cancer. Using sunscreen, avoiding tanning beds, and performing regular skin checks can help reduce the risk.
10: Pancreatic Cancer
Smoking, obesity, and chronic pancreatitis are contributing factors to pancreatic cancer. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol, can help reduce the risk.
Although genetics can influence the likelihood of some cancers, lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet, engaging in regular exercise, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol, undergoing early screenings, and getting vaccinated can significantly reduce the chances of developing cancer.
World Cancer Day is a day to aware the people globally about the creepy disease and encouraging efforts to prevent its spread.
